Mechanical movement



Juhrl2,l932. C EISCHLENKER L86Z385 MECHANICAL MOVEMENT Filed June 11. 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet l fins. 5 aw /7m July 12, 1932. Q E SCHLENKER 1,867,385

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT Filed June 11, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 6H0: mug

Patented July 12, 1932 warren STATES EFFICEEL CHARLES E. SCHLENKER, oroLEvnLANn, OHIO, ASSIG1\TOR '10 w tsriaannnsnavnntra PATIENT MOTORS COBEORATION, A CORPORATION OFIOI'IIO ternerrantcan MOVEMENT Application filed June 11,

dead centers. as far as possible, and which operates smoothly and practically noiselessly. Other objects will appear as the description of the apparatus shown in theac companying drawings progresses, andother objects will become obvious from the apparatus shown and described below.

My invention resides incombinations and associations and arrangements of parts and elements and in details of construction of parts and elements more fully described below as-related to the apparatus shown in, the mentioned accompanying drawings and as embodied in the appended claims. It is understood that changes may be made in the structure as well as in the combinations and arrangements and associations shown in the mentioned drawings, within the scope of the so appended claims, without departing from the spirit and intent of our invention.

My invention is illustrated, in one principal embodiment, in the mentioned; accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side view of a mechanism embodying the features of my invention and arranged to convert lineal motion into rotary motion or rotary motion into lineal motion. The mechanism shown in Fig. 1 may be called the transmission element. 7 1

Fig. 2 is a section of Fig. 1, taken on a vertical plane indicated by the line 2 in Fig. 1, and shows the structureof the ball bear ing and the inclination and the tilt thereof.

Fig. 3 is a section of therotatable member of Fig. 1,-taken' on a vertical plane indicated by the line?) in Fig. 1, and shows the tilting of the operating groove more clearly;

Fig. 4: is a plan view of the rotatable mem- 1927i. Serial No. 198,184.

berof Fig. 1 andshows the relation axes of the member.

Fig. 5 is a side View, complementary to Fig. 4, of the lower end or portion of the hub of the rotatable member and showsa certain angular, division in the hub.

Fig. 6 is a side view, partly in section, of an apparatus embodying the features of my of certain invention and shows four cylinders-all m ranged in one horizontal plane; the longitue dinalaxes of thecylinders all. arranged in different planes; the motion transmitting element disposed below the cylinders; the cap inverted; and the connecting rods with ball jointsat each end. I V

Similar reference characters refer to similar partsthroughout'the views.

One type of motion transmitting element; to convert lineal motion into rotary motion Z or rotary motion into lineal motion is. shown in 'Figs. 1.to 5, inclusive.

-The mechanism shown here 1 comprises, principally, the rotatable member .A, the cap B, the shaft O, and the connectors D.

The member A has the hub 10 and the head i 11 and is mounted onthe shaft C and is, held thereon and movable therewith by means of the screw 12.

The sides 18 and 1401 the head 11 areparallel and the groove E is provided in the head as shown and is parallel with the sides 13 and 14. The groove E is relieved to provide the ball :race or operating surfaces 15 and 16. When mechanisms other than balls are used, the groove can be 1 modified to suit the mechanism used. 1 1

The head 11 is disposed at an angle other than a right angle as shown in Fig. 2 and con:-

stitutes an inclined plane in this position.

Since the groove E is parallel with the sides 13: and 14,the ball races or operating sur faces 15 and 16 alsoconstitute inclined planes;

In addition to{ the inclined plane described in theparagraph just preceding, the head 11' is also disposed at an angle other than a right angle as shown in Fig. 3 which constitutes a tilt so called to differentiate from the inclined plane described. The inclination of the tilt iseffected-in a'plane angular to the lane of inclination ofthe inclined plane .ince the groove E is parallel with the sides 13 and the lowest points.

the tilting means the angular relation of these faces and surfaces as shown sectionally in 3 or in other words, the head 11 and the operating surfaces thereinare inclined and tilted. 1

- It-is quite diflicult-to show in. a drawing or to explain in writing just how the inclination and thetilting ot the head 11 is efiected. For the purpose ofillustratiomsl have, in Figs- 4 and 5,. divided the hub 10' intotwo parts and show in'Fig. 4s a plan view of the upper partof the member A and in- Fig. 5' a side View of the lower part ofthe hub-10'.

' In Fig. 4 the headll is shown without a groove to avoid confusion and is: inclined in a plane represented by the line 17. The up per part of the hub 10 being shown (dotted line) below the face 1 1.- The lowest and the highest points of the inclined faces are located in the plane represented by the line 17 The radial axis 18 is angular with the line I 17 with the points 19 and 21 spaced circumferentially from the axisl7. The bottom of the portion of the hub 10. shown in Fig; 4 is: inclined on the axis. 18;- at the sameangle as the face 20 in Fig. 5- so-that the points 19 are the highest points and the points 21 are Now if the head is r0- tated on its longitudinal axis until the points 19 and 21 in Fig. 4 register with the points 19 and 21 in Fig. 5 and the two parts are connected: together ini that position orrelation, the head 11 still retains the inclination. as shown 'sectionallyin' Fig. 2 but will .be tilted as shown. sectionally in '3'. Duei'to the angular relation between the axes 17 and 18 and. the inclination of the faces'13' and lfi in a plane represented by the line 17 and j the inclination of'the face20 in'a. plane represented by the line 18, the. head 11 assumes an angular and a tilted position as shown in other views.

The above explanation others to understand how the member A may be heldin a lathe or other machine for the purpose of cutting the groove or to: find the various axes to lay out a gi'oovefor any general or special purposely j As above described, he head 11 is inclined and tilted. The inclination of the head may be effected in'various manners. As shown in Fig.2, the head ll-fis: inclined so that the groove E is'eccentric with the longitudinal should 7 enable.

axis of the vmotion transmitting element which eccentricity promotes an action similar to a crank action in addition to the action of the balls on the inclined plane. The pins or journals 23 are made sufficiently long to permit the swivel bearings of the connectors D (Fig. l) to slide inwardly and outwardly on the pins 23 to accommodate the eccentric- 4, and 5, it is clearly illustrated that the walls of the groove are inclined and eccentric and that they are tilted and that the plane of tilting is at an angle to, the plane of the inclination. This tilting arrangement provides what may becalled a neutralplane at the lowest point of the inclined plane wherein the balls, or other contacting member, are somewhat, inactiv'eas far as oscillatory movement of the cap or the lineal movement of a member located at the lowest point is concerned L while the balls are more active on the highest point of the inclined plane and thereby eliminates the dead center effect. The eccentric arrangement, coupled ..'with inclina tion of the; operating'surface, produces an effect similar to a crank action. When this eccentric arrangementand this inclination is coupled with the tilting arrangement, a crank action without dead centers is attained. The cap B is circumierentially continuous and of L shape cross-sectionally and has, in the present instance, the ball race 22 and is threaded-internally adjacent to the ball-race. The operating pins 23 are integral withth'e cap B. i v 1 The ring 2 1 is externally threaded to 'engage the internal thread inthe cap B- and has the ball race '25. The lock washer 26' is placed adjacent to the ring '24: and has the ears27 extending through slots in the cap B The lock ring 28 is externally threaded and also engages the internal thread in the cap B and abutsthe washer 26;

The b'alls29'are disposed in the groove Ejin the head llan-d the ball races 22 and 25.

. The. threaded engagement between the ring 2% and the cap- B permits the ring 24 to be moved toward and aWa-yirom the balls 29 and thereby permits of adjustment between the cap B and the member A to take npany play between .these members and thereby aid in eliminating noises as well as attaining smooth running the apparatus. The washer 26 frictionally contacts the ring 24 and is anchored in' the cap- B and thereby prevents the ring 24 from rotating'in the cap after the same is adjusted therein. The lock ring 28 is. screwed tightly against the washer 26 after the ring 24: is adjusted and forces "outwardly of the member A so that the adjusting mechanism can be reached and manipulated without disturbing any other part of the apparatus.

The connection members D are operatively connected with the pins 23.

'l/Vhen the member A is rotated, the balls roll around on the races and oscillate the cap B due to the inclination of the races and when the cap 13 is oscillated, the member A is rotated in the same manner. The oscillatory motion of the cap B produces a lineal motion in the connectors D or a rotary motion in the member A. g

In Fig. 6 I have shown an arrangement of four cylinders and a motion transmitting element all well adapted for an'explosive engine.

Each of the four cylinders has a piston 61 operable therein and each of the pistons travels in a different plane than the others. All of the cylinders being disposed opposite one end of the member or element E.

In this instance, the general structural details of the member E are the same as those shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 except that the ball shaped journals 62 are substituted for the pins 23 and that the cap B is inverted or in other words the adjusting means are accessible from below the cylinders where there is plenty of room for adjusting purposes; In inverting the cap B, the heavy explosion and compression pressuresfind re-action in the solid material of the cap 13, and are not transmitted to the threaded members of the ele ment E. In Fig. 6 the members A", B, 10 and 11 correspond to the members A, B, 10 and 11, respectively of Fig. 2.

Each of the connector members 63 has the ball 64 operatively connected with one of the pistons 61 and the ballsocket 65 operatively connected wit-h one of the balls 62. This arrangement permits the free oscillation of the cap B and the free movement of the pistons 61. A-guide means, not shown in the draw ings, may be provided to prevent the rotation of the cap As described above, the head on the rotatable momber is inclined and tilted. The inclination of the head 11 may be effected in inwardly and outwardly on the pins to ac-\ commodate the eccentricity of the cap when the rotatable-member is rotated. This sliding facility is eliminated when the connectors are provided with ball joints as in Fig. 6 for instance, j

As illustrated in the mechanisms shown in thedrawin'gs and described in the specification, myxinvention may be embodied-in a very simple structure. The ready means for adjustments assures practically noiseless 7 operation. .The crank action produced in the .rotatable member is much more eflicient than that of the usual crank. The avoidance of dead centers adds materially to the efliciency of an apparatus. The uneven operating surfaces add materially to the eificiencyof an apparatus. The entire structure is very simple even with the enormously efficient and advantageous features added.

The fly-wheel 47 .is an advantageous adjunct to the rotatable member as well as to the lineally movable member of my invention to steady the rotative movements as well as the lineal movements of members.

I claim: 7

1. In an apparatus of the character described, a rotatable member having a groove disposed at an inclination with a radial axis of the member, a row of balls in saidgroove, each of said balls contacting both sides of said groove, a cap on'said member and having a ball race contacting one side of each of said balls, a ball race threaded into said cap and against lateral movement in said cap, each of said contact members contacting the sides of said groove, andconnection' means between said cap and'said lineally movable member.

3. In a mechanical movement for converting reciprocating motion into rotary motion,

in combination, a plurality. of reciprocable connecting members carrying hearings on their terminating ends,- ournals encompassed by said bearings, an annular member supporting the inner ends of said bearings, a circular member within said annular member and rotatable within the inner edge thereof, and a rotatable shaft upon which said circular member is rlgldly mounted at an inclination,

the axis of said shaft passing through a point other than the center of said circular member.

4. In a mechanical movementfor converting reciprocating motion into rotary motion,

a shaft, a circular member disposed-on the shaft, power means associated with said circular member adapted to rotate the same,

said circular member being eccentrioally mounted on the shaft and inclined thereto the inclination being such that the plane in which the axis of the shaft and the axis of the power means is disposed, is oblique to the plane of the circular member.

5. In a mechanical movement for changing reciprocatingmotion into rotary motion, a reciprocatory member, a rotary member including an eccentric wobble plate and a shaft, means connecting said reciprocatory member to said rotary member, said rotary member being mounted upon theshaft in such a manner that when the force acts upon the wobble plate it strikes the Wobble plate at its greatest point of eccentricity and the resulting move ment of force rotates the rotary member.

In testimony of the foregoing I aflix my signature.

CHARLES E. SCHLENKER. 

